Your nails are often a reflection of your overall health, and just like your skin and hair, they can sometimes face their own set of issues. From brittle nails to painful infections, nail problems can be frustrating and uncomfortable. Luckily, many common nail issues can be prevented or treated with the right knowledge and care. In this article, we’ll explore some of the most common nail problems and provide solutions to help you maintain healthy, strong nails.

1. Brittle Nails

Brittle nails are a common problem that causes nails to break easily or peel and split at the edges. This issue is often caused by excessive exposure to water, harsh chemicals, or a lack of moisture. Dry and brittle nails can also be a sign of nutritional deficiencies, such as a lack of biotin, zinc, or iron.

Solution: To combat brittle nails, start by keeping them moisturised. Use a nourishing hand cream or oil to hydrate your nails and cuticles. Wearing gloves when washing dishes or using cleaning products can also protect your nails from drying out. Additionally, ensure your diet includes plenty of biotin-rich foods like eggs, nuts, and avocados, and consider taking a biotin supplement if necessary.

2. Nail Fungus

Nail fungus is a fungal infection that can cause your nails to become discoloured, thickened, and brittle. It usually affects the toenails more than the fingernails and can occur when your nails are exposed to warm, damp environments, such as inside tight shoes or public showers.

Solution: If you suspect you have nail fungus, it’s important to seek treatment as soon as possible to prevent the infection from spreading. Over-the-counter antifungal creams or ointments can be effective in treating mild cases. For more severe infections, your doctor may prescribe oral antifungal medication. Keeping your nails clean and dry is key to preventing future fungal infections, so make sure to dry your feet thoroughly after washing and wear breathable footwear.

3. Hangnails

Hangnails are small pieces of skin that tear or become detached from the side of your nail. They can be painful and may even become infected if not treated properly. Hangnails are often caused by dry skin, biting your nails, or picking at your cuticles.

Solution: The best way to prevent hangnails is to keep your cuticles and skin around the nails moisturised. Applying a cuticle oil or cream regularly can help prevent the skin from becoming dry and cracked. If you do get a hangnail, avoid tearing it off, as this can cause further damage. Instead, gently trim the hangnail with clean, sterilised scissors or nail clippers. If the area becomes infected, apply an antiseptic ointment and cover it with a bandage until it heals.

4. Ingrown Nails

Ingrown nails occur when the edges of your nails grow into the surrounding skin, causing pain, redness, and sometimes infection. This problem is most commonly seen with toenails, particularly the big toe. Ingrown nails are often caused by cutting nails too short, wearing tight shoes, or trauma to the nail.

Solution: If you have an ingrown nail, soak your foot or hand in warm, soapy water for 15 to 20 minutes to soften the nail and surrounding skin. This can help reduce inflammation and make the nail easier to trim. Gently lift the edge of the nail away from the skin using a cotton ball, and make sure to trim the nail straight across rather than rounding the edges. If the ingrown nail becomes infected or painful, it’s best to consult a doctor, who may recommend a minor surgical procedure to remove part of the nail.

5. Nail Discolouration

Changes in the colour of your nails, such as yellowing, whitening, or the appearance of dark spots, can be a sign of an underlying health issue. Yellow nails may indicate fungal infections, while white or pale nails can sometimes be linked to anaemia or other health conditions.

Solution: If you notice discolouration, it’s important to identify the cause. For yellowing nails, you may want to avoid using nail polish for a while and ensure your nails are kept clean and dry. If the discolouration persists or is accompanied by other symptoms, it’s best to visit a doctor for a proper diagnosis. In some cases, improving your diet to include iron-rich foods, such as leafy greens and red meat, may help resolve pale nails. For fungal-related discolouration, antifungal treatments may be necessary.

6. Nail Ridges

Vertical ridges running from the tip of the nail to the base are common and can appear naturally as you age. However, deep or horizontal ridges may indicate a health problem such as a nutrient deficiency or even more serious issues like heart disease or diabetes.

Solution: Shallow ridges are usually harmless and can be managed by keeping your nails moisturised and trimmed. However, if you notice deep or horizontal ridges along with other symptoms, it’s important to consult a doctor to rule out underlying health conditions. To maintain smooth nails, make sure your diet includes plenty of vitamins and minerals, such as biotin, zinc, and vitamin E, which promote nail health.

7. White Spots on Nails

White spots, also known as leukonychia, are a common occurrence and are typically harmless. They can be caused by minor injuries to the nail, allergic reactions to nail polish, or a deficiency in certain minerals, such as zinc.

Solution: In most cases, white spots on the nails will disappear as the nail grows out. If they persist, it could be a sign of a deficiency, so consider improving your diet by incorporating zinc-rich foods like pumpkin seeds, legumes, and shellfish. If you notice other concerning symptoms, such as nail discolouration or changes in nail texture, consult a doctor for further evaluation.

Conclusion

Nail problems are common, but with proper care and attention, most of them can be prevented or treated. Whether you’re dealing with brittle nails, a fungal infection, or ingrown nails, there are simple solutions that can help restore your nails to their healthiest state. By keeping your nails clean, moisturised, and well-maintained, and by seeking medical advice when necessary, you can avoid many common nail issues and keep your hands and feet looking great.